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Observations of Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
during ZOTKS summercamp in Goricko (Salovci) in 1999
Summary
End of July 1999 five people were observing butterflies in the North Eastern part of Slovenia, close to the Hungarian border. This area is called Goricko and even resembles my native country Holland. At the start of this summercamp, organised by the biology faculty of the university of Ljubljana, our mentor Rudi told us he expected only 40 species and would be happy with 50. This really was a disappointment to me. The previous year at Sempas we observed 92 species, which was a new record. Even at Sempas some rather common species were still missing. Despite the really bad whether : cold, foggy and rainy, we even gathered the first day 32 species ! And we kept going till a remarkable 69 species. Nearly all species were seen in low densities and quite a lot were only seen once or twice. Unfortunately this is not shown in the tables below. The number of Melitaea was rather low compared with previous year but I liked the number of Colias species. The first day we also took a look at night butterflies. For those observations you should contact the author of the next article. I guess that during this camp 963 observations were done on 60 localities which gave the previous ment 69 species. Maculinea arion and Maculinea alcon were also surprisingly common. On one location we found about 600 eggs on Gentiana.Maculinea nausithous and Maculinea teleius were also often flying together along way roads with Grote pimpernel (Sanguisorba officinalis). On some places also Lycaena dispar was present. Due to the bad whether I only remember large amounts of Maculinea flying. Especially Kantesia circe ( Brintesia circe)was a burden to me. I saw several times it flying but still nobody around to confirm my observation and everytime it was to fast to catch. Finally everbody was able to see it for two seconds before it disappeard.
Andre H.
POROCILO LEPIDOPTEROLOŠKE SKUPINE
ŠTUDENTSKI TABOR Goricko 1999
RUDI VEROVNIK
Oddelek za biologijo BF, Vecna pot 111, SI -1000 Ljubljana, Slovenija
Clani:
Andreja Škvarc
Jelena Mlinarec
Nika Hrabar
Primož Glogovcan
Primož Leben
Andre Hospers
Sodelujoci v lepidopterološki skupini smo raziskovali razširjenost dnevnih metuljev na celotnem obmocju Gorickega in njegovega južnega obrobja. Tako smo v sedmih terenskih dneh na 60 lokalitetah opravili 963 opažanj posameznih vrst. Posebno pozornost smo namenili vlažinm in suhim habitatom, ki ustrezajo ekološkim zahtevam vecine redkih in ogroženih vrst. Hkrati smo se spoznavali s taksonomsko problematiko metuljev, metodami lova in determinacijo.
Popisali smo 69 vrst metuljev dnevnikov (Rhopalocera), iz sedmih družin. Vrste so naštete v tabeli, nomenklatura pa je povzeta po Tolman in Lewington 1997.
fam. PAPILIONIDAE 1. Papilio machaon(Koninginne page) 2. Iphiclides podalirius(Koningspage) fam. PIERIDAE 3. Pieris brassicae 4. Artogeia rapae 5. Artogeia napi 6. Gonepteryx rhamni 7. Colias hyale 8. Colias alfacariensis 9. Colias crocea 10. Leptidea sinapis kompleks fam. SATYRIDAE 11. Erebia aethiops 12. Melanargia galathea 13. Kantesia circe 14. Minois dryas 15. Aphantopus hyperantus 16. Pararge aegeria 17. Lasiommata maera 18. Lasiommata megera 19. Maniola jurtina 20. Coenonympha glycerion 21. Coenonympha pamphilus fam. NYMPHALIDAE 22. Apatura iris 23. Neptis sappho 24. Vanessa atalanta 25. Vanessa cardui 26. Aglais urticae 27. Inachis io 28. Polygonia c-album 29. Araschnia levana 30. Mellicta athalia 31. Melitaea phoebe 32. Melitaea didyma 33. Argynnis aglaja 34. Argynnis adippe 35. Argynnis paphia 36. Brenthis daphne 37. Clossiana selene 38. Clossiana dia 39. Issoria lathonia
fam. NEMOBIIDAE 40. Haemaris lucina fam. LYCAENIDAE 41. Satyrium w-album 42. Lycaena vigaureae 43. Lycaena tityrus 44. Lycaena alciphron 45. Lycaena phleas 46. Lycaena dispar 47. Palaeochrysophanus hippothoe 48. Leptotes pirithous 49. Everes argiades 50. Celastrina argiolus 51. Pseudophilotes vicram 52. Maculinea alcon 53. Maculinea arion 54. Maculinea telejus 55. Maculinea nausithous 56. Plebejus idas 57. Plebejus argyrognomon 58. Plebejus argus 59. Aricia agestis 60. Cyaniris semiargus 61. Polyommatus icarus fam. HESPERIIDAE 62. Erynnis tages 63. Carcharodus alceae 64. Pyrgus malvae 65. Heteropterus morpheus 66. Thymelicus lineola 67. Thymelicus sylvestris 68. Ochlodes venatus 69. Hesperia comma Najboj nepricakovana je najdba modrina Leptothes pirithous, ki se na svojih selitvah le redko podaja tako dalec od morja iz toplega južnega Sredozemlja. Zato ne preseneca, da je to prva najdba za Prekmurje. Bolj pogosti selivci so Colias crocea, Vanessa cardui in Issoria lathonia, ki se na svojih poteh redno pojavljajo na celotnem obmocju Gorickega. Poleg Leptothes pirithous so bili prvic v Prekmurju opaženi tudi modrini Satyrium w-album, Pseudophilotes vicram in Lycaena alciphron, ki so v tem predelu Slovenije vezani na izjemno suha, grmovnata travišca. Tu najdemo tudi vrsto
Aricia agestis, ki jo za Goricko brez natancne navedbe lokalitete navaja že J. Carnelutti.
Iz naravovarstvenega stališca sta še posebej zanimivi najdbi modrinov Maculinea arion in Maculinea alcon, ki ju na Gorickem nismo pricakovali. Obe vrsti v poznih stadijih gosenice za svoj obstoj potrebujeta tudi mravlje, ki za gosenice skrbijo do zabubljenja. Maculinea arion je vezana na suhe travnike z obilico materine dušice, ki je hranilna rastlina njihovih zacetnih stadijev gosenic. Druga vrsta je vezana na mocvirne travnike z mocvirskim svišcem. Ker se ta rastlina na Gorickem pojavlja zelo poredko in v majhnem številu, je Maculinea alcon gotovo najbolj ogrožena vrsta na tem obmocju. Skupaj je bilo na obmocju Gorickega najdeno kar sedem vrst modrinov iz Rdecega seznama ogroženih vrst dnevnih metuljev Slovenije. Med njimi velja omeniti mocvirsko vrsto Lycaena dispar, ki se na Gorickem pojavlja tudi na dokaj suhih travnikih. Razen Maculinea arion in Maculinea alcon, so vse ostale vrste na obravnavanem obmocju dokaj pogoste in razširjene, kar potrjuje veliko naravno vrednost Gorickega in potrebo po njegovi trajni zašciti.